Study on Economic Regulation of Collaborative Strategies among Container Shipping Companies Following Repeal of European Union Regulation 4056/86
The European Union removed the block exemption granted under Regulation Safety Waders 4056/86, to liner shipping companies to provide scheduled services on a collaborative basis effective October 2008.This has also been followed by the proposed P3 alliance with participation of Maersk, MSC and CMA CGM.This paper explores, the arguments adopted by t